Scott and the Norwegian supporters felt misled. He was not clear about his intentions, and Robert F. Finding it difficult to raise funds, when he heard in 1909 that the Americans Frederick Cook and Robert Peary had claimed to reach the North Pole as a result of two different expeditions, he decided to reroute to Antarctica. After a 45-day trip from San Francisco on a bulk carrier, she was placed on land outside the Fram Museum in Oslo, where she is now situated inside her own dedicated building at the museum.Īmundsen next planned to take an expedition to the North Pole and explore the Arctic Basin. He said he hoped to do more and signed it "Your loyal subject, Roald Amundsen." The crew returned to Oslo in November 1906, after almost three-and-a-half years abroad. The explorer sent the new king, Haakon VII, news that his traversing the Northwest Passage "was a great achievement for Norway". Īt this time, Amundsen learned of the dissolution of the union between Norway and Sweden, and that he had a new king. Later that year he was elected to the American Antiquarian Society. Amundsen traveled there overland to wire a success message on 5 December, then returned to Nome in 1906. The nearest telegraph station was 500 miles (800 km) away in Eagle. It had to stop for the winter before going on to Nome on Alaska's Pacific coast. Continuing to the south of Victoria Island, the ship cleared the Canadian Arctic Archipelago on 17 August 1905. Leaving Gjoa Haven, he sailed west and passed Cambridge Bay, which had been reached from the west by Richard Collinson in 1852. For example, he learned to use sled dogs for transportation of goods and to wear animal skins in lieu of heavy, woolen parkas, which could not keep out the cold when wet. During this time, Amundsen and the crew learned from the local Netsilik Inuit about Arctic survival skills, which he found invaluable in his later expedition to the South Pole. They spent two winters at King William Island, in the harbor of what is today Gjoa Haven. They traveled via Baffin Bay, the Parry Channel and then south through Peel Sound, James Ross Strait, Simpson Strait and Rae Strait. Amundsen had the ship outfitted with a small 13 horsepower single-screw paraffin engine. His technique was to use a small ship and hug the coast. ![]() He planned a small expedition of six men in a 45-ton fishing vessel, Gjøa, in order to have flexibility. In 1903, Amundsen led the first expedition to successfully traverse Canada's Northwest Passage between the Atlantic and Pacific oceans. Amundsen wrote "I read them with a fervid fascination which has shaped the whole course of my life". When he was fifteen years old, Amundsen was enthralled by reading Sir John Franklin's narratives of his overland Arctic expeditions. He promptly quit university for a life at sea. His mother wanted him to avoid the family maritime trade and encouraged him to become a doctor, a promise that Amundsen kept until his mother died when he was aged 21. His parents were Jens Amundsen and Hanna Sahlqvist. 3.2 Aerial Expeditions to the North PoleĪmundsen was born into a family of Norwegian shipowners and captains in Borge, between the towns Fredrikstad and Sarpsborg.3 North Polar Expeditions and The Northeast Passage.The search for his remains, which have not been found, was called off in September of that year. Amundsen disappeared in June 1928 while flying on a rescue mission for the airship Italia in the Arctic. On, Amundsen and 15 other men in the airship Norge became the first explorers verified to have reached the North Pole. The party of five, led by Amundsen, became the first to successfully reach the South Pole on 14 December 1911.įollowing a failed attempt in 1918 to reach the North Pole by traversing the Northeast Passage on the ship Maud, Amundsen began planning for an aerial expedition instead. His party established a camp at the Bay of Whales and a series of supply depots on the Barrier (now known as the Ross Ice Shelf) before setting out for the pole in October. ![]() ![]() He left Norway in June 1910 on the ship Fram and reached Antarctica in January 1911. In 1909, Amundsen began planning for a South Pole expedition. From 1903 to 1906, he led the first expedition to successfully traverse the Northwest Passage on the sloop Gjøa. He was a key figure of the period known as the Heroic Age of Antarctic Exploration.īorn in Borge, Østfold, Norway, Amundsen began his career as a polar explorer as first mate on Adrien de Gerlache's Belgian Antarctic Expedition of 1897–1899. 18 June 1928) was a Norwegian explorer of polar regions. Roald Engelbregt Gravning Amundsen ( UK: / ˈ ɑː m ʊ n d s ən/, US: /- m ə n s-/ Norwegian: ( listen) 16 July 1872 – c.
0 Comments
Leave a Reply. |
AuthorWrite something about yourself. No need to be fancy, just an overview. ArchivesCategories |